‘Light unto the nations’ turns out to mean something closer to example than to outreach.
Q. Zechariah (8:23) says that Gentiles will cling to the hem of a Jew so they can learn about G-d. Is there a mitzvah to teach Torah to Gentiles? What does it mean to be a “light to the nations”?
There is clearly no mitzvah to teach Torah to gentiles. The concept of Jews being a “light to the nations” (Isaiah 42 and 49) is referring to what Israel should show the world through example and practice how to run a model country, modern culture, moral army and economy etc., in the most ethical, just and G-dly fashion possible, and not through lecturing or teaching Torah. In fact, modern educators feel that a living, appealing example influences much more than a dry, intellectual or even emotional sermon, especially if we are talking about the masses, who aren’t all intellectually bent. Similarly, the verse which you cited in Zecharia, says that the gentiles will cling to the Jew saying “We will go with you, for we heard that G-d is with you”. They will support and want to be associated with the moral G-dly people in the Holy Land out of idealistic identification and a true desire to be part of something great and historic, but it’s not referring to us teaching them Torah. Even the “Torah (which) will go forth from Zion” (Isaiah 2), isn’t referring to textual study, but to the ideals, as is explicit there: “the ways of G-d”.
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